Nginx and Perl-FastCGI on Debian 6 (Squeeze)
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The nginx web server is a fast, lightweight server designed to efficiently handle the needs of both low and high traffic websites. Although commonly used to serve static content, it’s quite capable of handling dynamic pages as well. This guide will help you get nginx up and running with Perl and FastCGI on your Debian 6 (Squeeze) Linode.
It is assumed that you’ve already followed the steps outlined in our getting started guide. These steps should be performed via a root login to your Linode over SSH.
Set the Hostname
Before you begin installing and configuring the components described in this guide, please make sure you’ve followed our instructions for setting your hostname. Issue the following commands to make sure it is set properly:
hostname
hostname -f
The first command should show your short hostname, and the second should show your fully qualified domain name (FQDN).
Install Required Packages
Issue the following commands to update your system and install the nginx web server and FastCGI components:
apt-get update
apt-get upgrade
apt-get install nginx fcgiwrap spawn-fcgi
Configure DNS
Create an “A” record pointing your domain name to your Linode’s IP address. If you’re using the Linode DNS Manager interface, please refer to our Linode DNS manager guide for instructions.
Configure Virtual Hosting
Create Directories
In this guide, the domain “example.com” is used as an example site. You should substitute your own domain name in the configuration steps that follow. First, create directories to hold content and log files:
mkdir -p /srv/www/www.example.com/public_html
mkdir /srv/www/www.example.com/logs
chown -R www-data:www-data /srv/www/www.example.com
UNIX Sockets Configuration Example
Next, you’ll need to define the site’s virtual host file. This example uses a UNIX socket to connect to fcgiwrap. Be sure to change all instances of “example.com” to your domain name.
- File: /etc/nginx/sites-available/www.example.com
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server { listen 80; server_name www.example.com example.com; access_log /srv/www/www.example.com/logs/access.log; error_log /srv/www/www.example.com/logs/error.log; root /srv/www/www.example.com/public_html; location / { index index.html index.htm; } location ~ \.pl$ { gzip off; include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params; fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/fcgiwrap.socket; fastcgi_index index.pl; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /srv/www/www.example.com/public_html$fastcgi_script_name; } }
TCP Sockets Configuration Example
Alternately, you may wish to use TCP sockets instead. If so, modify your nginx virtual host configuration file to resemble the following example. Again, make sure to replace all instances of “example.com” with your domain name.
- File: /etc/nginx/sites-available/www.example.com
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server { listen 80; server_name www.example.com example.com; access_log /srv/www/www.example.com/logs/access.log; error_log /srv/www/www.example.com/logs/error.log; root /srv/www/www.example.com/public_html; location / { index index.html index.htm; } location ~ \.pl$ { gzip off; include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params; fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:8999; fastcgi_index index.pl; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /srv/www/www.example.com/public_html$fastcgi_script_name; } }
If you elected to use TCP sockets instead of UNIX sockets, you’ll also need to modify the fcgiwrap init script. Look for the following section in the /etc/init.d/fcgiwrap
file:
- File: /etc/init.d/fcgiwrap
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# FCGI_APP Variables FCGI_CHILDREN="1" FCGI_SOCKET="/var/run/$NAME.socket" FCGI_USER="www-data" FCGI_GROUP="www-data"
Change it to match the following excerpt:
- File: /etc/init.d/fcgiwrap
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# FCGI_APP Variables FCGI_CHILDREN="1" FCGI_PORT="8999" FCGI_ADDR="127.0.0.1" FCGI_USER="www-data" FCGI_GROUP="www-data"
Enable the Site
Issue the following commands to enable the site:
cd /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/
ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/www.example.com
Start nginx and fcgiwrap by issuing the following commands:
/etc/init.d/fcgiwrap start
/etc/init.d/nginx start
Test Perl with FastCGI
Create a file called “test.pl” in your site’s “public_html” directory with the following contents:
- File: /srv/www/www.example.com/public\\_html/test.pl
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#!/usr/bin/perl print "Content-type:text/html\n\n"; print <<EndOfHTML; <html><head><title>Perl Environment Variables</title></head> <body> <h1>Perl Environment Variables</h1> EndOfHTML foreach $key (sort(keys %ENV)) { print "$key = $ENV{$key}<br>\n"; } print "</body></html>";
Make the script executable by issuing the following command:
chmod a+x /srv/www/www.example.com/public_html/test.pl
When you visit http://www.example.com/test.pl
in your browser, your Perl environment variables should be shown. Congratulations, you’ve configured the nginx web server to use Perl with FastCGI for dynamic content!
More Information
You may wish to consult the following resources for additional information on this topic. While these are provided in the hope that they will be useful, please note that we cannot vouch for the accuracy or timeliness of externally hosted materials.
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